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Footwear

Gaiters

Also called trail gaiters, snow gaiters

What are gaiters?

Gaiters are fabric sleeves worn over the top of a shoe or boot to keep grit, snow and water out. Low trail gaiters cover the collar and stop scree filling your shoes; tall gaiters run to the knee and seal the leg against deep snow and wet brush.

Gaiters at a glance

Low trail gaiters
Roughly 1 to 2 oz
Tall gaiters
Roughly 6 to 12 oz
Wear point
The underfoot strap

Two very different products

Low trail gaiters are a few grams of stretch fabric that bridge the gap between your sock and the shoe collar. They exist for one job: stopping scree, sand and trail grit dropping in. Anyone who has emptied their shoes four times crossing a talus field understands the appeal immediately, and they weigh almost nothing.

Tall gaiters are a different item entirely. They run to just below the knee, usually in a waterproof or heavily coated fabric with an underfoot strap, and they seal your trousers to your boots against deep snow, sustained rain and soaking brush. They are warm, they are not light, and they are worth every gram in the conditions they were bought for.

How they attach, and why it fails

Low gaiters usually hook to the laces at the front and to a small adhesive patch or a hook on the heel of the shoe. The heel attachment is the part that fails: adhesive patches lift after enough wet mileage, and a gaiter flapping loose at the back does nothing at all. Shoes sold with a moulded gaiter attachment point solve this properly.

Tall gaiters use an underfoot strap or cord, which is the wear point. Anything running under a boot is being ground into the trail with every step, and a cord will part on rock in a season. A replaceable strap is worth looking for.

What this means when you're choosing

  • A moulded heel attachment on the shoe rather than an adhesive patch, if you can get one
  • A replaceable underfoot strap on tall gaiters, since that is what wears through
  • Breathable fabric on trail gaiters, which sit against a shoe that is already warm
  • Full-length side zips or wraps on tall gaiters, so they go on over boots you are wearing

The common mistake

Buying tall waterproof gaiters for dry trail

The two types solve different problems. A tall waterproof gaiter on a dry summer talus crossing is hot, heavy and no better at keeping grit out than a twenty gram stretch sleeve. Match the gaiter to the thing you are actually trying to keep out.

Common questions

Do I need gaiters for hiking?

Not usually on maintained trail in dry weather. They earn their place on scree and sand, where low gaiters stop you emptying your shoes constantly, and in snow or soaking brush, where tall ones keep your legs and feet dry.

Do gaiters make waterproof boots more waterproof?

They stop water going in over the collar, which is how most people actually get wet feet in a boot that is technically waterproof. So yes, in the way that matters, though the boot itself is unchanged.

Where this comes up

Guides on Tom's Hiking where gaiters changes which product is right for you.

More in footwear

Lug depth

Lugs are the raised blocks on the sole of a boot or trail shoe, and lug depth is how tall they are, usually 3 to 6 mm. Deeper lugs bite into soft ground; shallower ones give more contact area on rock and hard trail.

Outsole

The outsole is the rubber layer on the bottom of a shoe, the part touching the ground. It carries the lug pattern and the rubber compound, which together decide grip, and it's usually the first part of a shoe to wear out visibly.

Midsole

The midsole is the foam layer between the outsole and your foot. It absorbs impact and sets how stiff or soft a shoe feels, and it's the part that quietly dies long before the tread looks worn.

EVA foam

EVA is the light, springy foam most hiking and running midsoles are made of. It cushions well and weighs little, but it compresses permanently over time, which is why shoes go flat after a few hundred miles.

Stack height

Stack height is how much material sits between your foot and the ground, measured in millimetres at the heel and forefoot. More stack means more cushioning and less ground feel; less means more feedback and a lower, more stable platform.

Heel-to-toe drop

Drop is the height difference between a shoe's heel stack and its forefoot stack, given in millimetres. Zero drop means the foot sits level; 8 to 12 mm tilts you forward slightly and shortens the load on the calf and Achilles.

Rock plate

A rock plate is a thin stiff sheet, usually TPU or a nylon composite, embedded in the forefoot of a shoe. It spreads the load from a sharp rock across the whole foot instead of letting it press into one point.

Shank

A shank is a stiffening insert running through the arch of a boot, made of steel, nylon or composite. It controls how much the boot twists and bends, which is what lets a boot support a heavy load and edge on rock.

Rand

A rand is a strip of rubber bonded around the lower edge of a boot's upper, most often at the toe. It takes the abrasion from rock and roots that would otherwise wear through fabric or leather, and it protects your toes from impact.

Gusseted tongue

A gusseted tongue is sewn to the sides of the boot with fabric panels instead of hanging free. It seals the gap along the laces so grit and water can't get in, and it stops the tongue sliding sideways as you walk.

Vibram Megagrip

Megagrip is a Vibram rubber compound formulated for grip on wet and dry rock. It's softer and stickier than standard hiking rubber, which is why it holds on slabs and greasy roots, and why it wears out faster.

Microspikes

Microspikes are elastomer harnesses with short chains and spikes, roughly 10 to 15 mm, that stretch over a shoe for traction on packed snow and ice. They are the middle rung between yaktrax-style coils and full crampons, and they are not mountaineering equipment.

Crampon

A crampon is a metal frame carrying 10 or more points up to 5 cm long that binds rigidly to a stiff-soled boot, so a climber can stand on hard alpine ice and steep snow. It is the tier above microspikes, and it is technical equipment that needs an ice axe and training.

Insulation weight in grams

Insulation weight is the mass in grams of one square meter of the insulating sheet inside a boot or glove. A 400g boot uses a heavier sheet than a 200g boot, so it is warmer, but it is nothing like twice as warm.

Vibram Arctic Grip

Arctic Grip is a Vibram outsole technology built for traction on wet ice. It stays pliable at temperatures where ordinary hiking rubber goes hard, which is the reason a winter sole grips where a three season one skates.

Flotation

Flotation is how well a snowshoe keeps you on top of snow instead of sinking into it. It is a function of deck surface area measured against your loaded weight, which is your body plus clothing, boots and everything in your pack.

Heel lift

A heel lift is a small wire or plastic bar behind the heel of a snowshoe that flips up so your boot rests on it during a climb. It stops your calf being held at full stretch on sustained steep ground.

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