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Sleep systems

Backpacking quilt

Also called top quilt

What is a backpacking quilt?

A backpacking quilt is a sleeping bag with the back removed and no hood, strapped to your sleeping pad instead. It cuts weight and bulk by deleting insulation that a bag crushes flat underneath you and that does nothing there anyway.

Backpacking quilt at a glance

Typical saving
Several oz and real packed volume
Needs
Pad straps and adequate pad R-value
Weak point
Draughts at the edges

Why the back of a sleeping bag is wasted

Lie in a sleeping bag and roughly a third of its down is underneath you, squashed to nothing between your body and the pad. Compressed insulation doesn't insulate, so that down is carrying weight and doing no work. A quilt deletes it, along with the hood and usually the full-length zip.

What you actually save

What you save is real: commonly several ounces against an equivalent bag, plus noticeably less packed volume. What you take on is draught management. A quilt is held to the pad by straps and it seals against your body rather than around it, so a restless sleeper can let cold air in at the edges. Most people adapt within a few nights, and some never get on with it.

What a quilt demands of your pad

It works best with a warm pad, because the quilt is trusting the pad completely for everything underneath you. It also pairs naturally with sleeping in a warm hat, since there's no hood. If you already own a good pad and you're chasing weight, it's one of the larger single savings available in a sleep system.

What this means when you're choosing

  • A pad with enough R-value, since the quilt trusts it completely
  • A pad attachment system that suits how much you move at night
  • A closed footbox unless you specifically want the summer versatility

Backpacking quilt vs Sleeping bag

Backpacking quiltSleeping bag
Insulation underneathNone. The pad does that jobPresent, and crushed flat by your weight
Weight and bulkSeveral ounces lighter, packs noticeably smallerHeavier for the same warmth on top
DraftsPossible if the straps or pad are wrongSealed, especially with a draft collar
Pad demandsHigh. The pad carries everything below youLower, though a cold pad still ruins the night

Which to pick: A quilt if you have a warm pad and do not thrash in your sleep. A bag if you move a lot, sleep cold, or want one fewer variable at 2am.

The common mistake

Pairing a quilt with a thin pad

A quilt deletes the insulation under you on the grounds that it was crushed and useless. That is only true if the pad is doing that job. Put a quilt on an R 2 pad in October and the cold you feel is the ground, not the quilt.

Common questions

Are quilts warm enough for cold weather?

Yes, with the right rating and a good seal to the pad, and plenty of people use them below freezing. They're less forgiving of a bad setup than a mummy bag, so cold nights punish sloppy strapping.

Do I need a special pad for a quilt?

Not special, but it needs enough R-value, because the quilt has nothing underneath you. Pad straps are what hold the quilt in place, and most quilts ship with them.

Where this comes up

Guides on Tom's Hiking where backpacking quilt changes which product is right for you.

Going deeper

More in sleep systems

R-value

R-value measures how well a sleeping pad resists heat escaping into the ground. Higher numbers insulate better, and since 2020 every brand has tested to the same standard, so the numbers finally compare across brands.

Fill power

Fill power measures the loft of down: how many cubic inches one ounce expands to fill. Higher fill power traps more air per unit of weight, so an 850 fill bag is lighter and more compressible than a 650 fill bag of the same warmth.

Fill weight

Fill weight is how much insulation is actually inside a sleeping bag or jacket, given in grams or ounces. Paired with fill power it tells you what a bag's warmth is made of, and it's the number brands are least keen to publish.

Hydrophobic down

Hydrophobic down is down treated with a water-repellent finish so it resists moisture, dries faster and keeps some loft when damp. It delays the failure that untreated down suffers when wet, but it doesn't make down behave like synthetic.

EN/ISO temperature rating

EN/ISO is the standardised lab test that gives sleeping bags their temperature ratings. It produces several figures, and the two that matter are comfort, aimed at a standard cold sleeper, and limit, aimed at a standard warm sleeper.

Mummy bag

A mummy bag is a sleeping bag cut wide at the shoulders and narrow at the feet, with a hood that closes around your head. The taper leaves less air inside for your body to heat, which is why it is the warmest shape for its weight.

Draft collar

A draft collar is an insulated tube around the neck opening of a sleeping bag, cinched to seal the gap at your shoulders. It stops warm air pumping out of the top of the bag every time you move, which is where most heat is lost.

Baffle

A baffle is a fabric wall sewn between the inner and outer shells of a down bag to hold the down in place. Without baffles the down migrates to the low side and leaves cold spots where there's no insulation at all.

Footbox

The footbox is the shaped end of a sleeping bag or quilt where your feet sit. It's built with extra volume so the insulation isn't crushed flat by your toes, which is the coldest spot in most sleep systems.

Pad attachment system

A pad attachment system is whatever keeps your bag or quilt joined to your sleeping pad, usually elastic straps that pass under the pad and clip to the quilt. It stops the two separating in the night on any surface that isn't flat.

Underquilt

An underquilt is an insulated quilt that hangs on the outside of a hammock, cradling it from below. Because your body never lies on it, nothing compresses the loft, which is why it works where a sleeping bag underneath you does not.

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