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Backpacks

Compression straps

What are compression straps on a backpack?

Compression straps are the adjustable webbing straps on the sides of a backpack that cinch the pack body in around whatever is inside. Pulled snug, they stop a part-full load shifting as you walk, and on many packs they double as a way to strap long gear to the outside.

Compression straps at a glance

Where
Sides of the pack body
Job
Take up empty volume so the load cannot shift
Set them
After packing, before you walk

What do compression straps actually do?

They make the pack smaller than its full volume. The Washington Trails Association describes them as straps on the sides of the pack that let you make the load more compact vertically, horizontally or both. A pack that is only partly full has empty space in it, and empty space is where a load slumps, slides and swings.

Cinching them pulls that slack out. The Appalachian Mountain Club's packing advice is to use them once everything is inside, to shrink the pack and stabilize the load, and REI's is the same: tighten them to streamline the load and keep it from shifting as you hike.

Why do they matter more on a half-full pack?

Because a load that can move will. On uneven ground a shifting load pulls you sideways just as your footing is least sure, and a loose pack sags away from your back. Compression straps are what let one pack carry a big load on one trip and a small one on the next without feeling wrong on either.

That is also why day hikers who size up for winter layers and traction are pointed at them. A bigger pack spends most of a winter day half empty, and compression is what keeps it riding tight.

Can you carry gear on compression straps?

Often, yes. REI lists compression straps alongside daisy chains and lash patches as a way to carry gear that will not fit anywhere else, such as trekking poles, tent poles or a large sleeping pad. Slide the item under the strap and cinch it down.

REI's caveat is worth taking seriously: anything on the outside can snag on branches or scrape against rock, so carry as little out there as you can. A foam pad strapped to the side of a pack is fine on an open trail and a nuisance in dense brush.

What this means when you're choosing

  • More than one strap per side if your loads vary a lot from trip to trip
  • Buckles that open, so a strap can go around a pad or a pair of poles
  • Straps that still cinch with the extension collar rolled down, when the pack is at its smallest
  • Whether a strap crosses a side pocket, which can pin a bottle in place or block your reach to it

Compression straps vs Load lifters

Compression strapsLoad lifters
Where they areOn the sides of the pack bodyFrom the top of the shoulder straps to the top of the frame
What they pull inThe pack body, around its contentsThe top of the pack, toward your shoulders
Main jobStop the load shifting inside the packStop the pack leaning away from your back
When you set themAfter packing, before you put the pack onAfter the hipbelt and shoulder straps, with the pack on

Which to pick: Most framed packs have both, because they solve different problems: compression straps steady what is inside the pack, and load lifters steady the pack against you.

The common mistake

Leaving them loose because the pack is not full

A half-full pack is exactly when they matter. The empty space lets the load slump to the bottom and slide side to side, and the pack sags away from your back. Pull them snug every time you finish packing, and loosen them only when you need to fit more in.

Common questions

Should compression straps be tight or loose?

Snug around the load once you have finished packing. Tight enough that nothing shifts when you shake the pack, and not so tight that hard items end up pressing into your back through the backpanel.

Are compression straps the same as load lifters?

No. Compression straps cinch the pack body in around its contents. Load lifters run from the top of the shoulder straps to the top of the frame and pull the whole pack in toward your shoulders.

Where this is defined

Where this comes up

Guides on Tom's Hiking where compression straps changes which product is right for you.

More in backpacks

Load lifters

Load lifters are the short straps running from the top of the shoulder harness back to the top of the pack frame. They pull the load in towards your body so it stops levering you backwards. They don't carry weight themselves.

Hipbelt

The hipbelt is the padded belt that wraps your pelvis and transfers pack weight onto your hips instead of your shoulders. On a loaded backpacking pack it should be carrying most of the weight, often quoted as 70 to 80 percent.

Framesheet

A framesheet is a sheet of stiff plastic in a pack's backpanel that spreads the load across your back and stops contents from poking through. It's lighter than a frame but gives you less vertical support.

Internal frame

An internal frame is the structure hidden inside a pack's backpanel, usually one or two aluminum stays or a perimeter hoop, that carries weight from the shoulders down to the hipbelt. It's what makes a pack load-bearing.

Suspended mesh backpanel

A suspended mesh backpanel stretches a taut mesh across a curved frame so the pack body sits away from your back with an air gap behind it. It's the coolest-running backpanel design and the one that holds the load furthest from your spine.

Pack lid

The lid, or brain, is the padded flap that covers the top of a top-loading pack, usually carrying one or two zipped pockets. A floating lid is one attached by adjustable straps so it can rise as the pack is overfilled.

Extension collar

An extension collar is the fabric tube above a top-loading pack's main compartment, closed by a drawcord. Rolled down it does nothing; pulled up it adds capacity, typically 5 to 10 liters beyond the pack's quoted volume.

Panel loader

A panel loader opens with a zip that runs around the front of the pack, so the whole compartment folds open like a suitcase. The alternative is a top loader, which you access through an opening at the top.

Shove-it pocket

A shove-it pocket is the open-topped stretch panel across the front of a pack. It has no zip, so you can push a wet jacket or a map into it one-handed while walking, and pull it out just as fast.

Load rating

A load rating is the weight a pack maker says a pack carries well, usually given as a range in pounds. It describes the frame and hipbelt rather than the fabric, so exceeding it doesn't break the pack, it just moves the weight to your shoulders.

Sternum strap

A sternum strap is the short adjustable strap that clips across your chest between a pack's two shoulder straps. It holds them at the right width so they stop sliding outward, and it steadies the load. It carries no weight, and it belongs roughly an inch below your collarbones.

Shoulder straps

Shoulder straps, together called the shoulder harness, are the two padded straps that go over your shoulders. On a pack with a hipbelt they hold the load close and steady rather than carrying it: REI's guidance is that 80 percent or more of the weight should sit on your hips.

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