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Trail terms

Slackpacking

Also called slackpack, slack packing, slackpacker

What is slackpacking?

Slackpacking is hiking a stretch of a long trail with only a daypack while someone else moves the rest of your gear, usually a shuttle that drops you at one road crossing and collects you at the next. You still walk every mile; you just sleep indoors and carry less.

Slackpacking at a glance

What you carry
A daypack, not the full kit
What moves your gear
Usually a shuttle, hostel or friend
Counts on the A.T.
Yes, the honor system covers it
Appalachian Trail Conservancy
Where you sleep
Off trail, usually a hostel or town

How does slackpacking work?

Someone with a car does the carrying. On the Appalachian Trail that is commonly a hostel or shuttle driver: you leave your full pack at the hostel, get dropped at a trailhead in the morning, walk to the next road crossing with water, food and a few layers, and get picked up there in the afternoon.

Then you do it again the next day from where you stopped. A friend or family member with a car can do the same job, which is how plenty of people slackpack a section close to home.

Does slackpacking count toward finishing the Appalachian Trail?

Yes. The Appalachian Trail Conservancy says it recognizes 2,000-milers regardless of sequence, direction, speed or whether they carry a pack, and it runs the whole program on the honor system. What counts is walking every mile, not what was on your back while you did.

The Conservancy even lists slackpackers as their own group of finishers: hikers who spent few or no nights on the trail and had logistical support.

Why do hikers slackpack?

To make a hard day lighter, or a long trail possible. Thru-hikers slackpack steep, rocky stretches to rest their knees without taking a zero day, and some pick the direction of a slackpacked day so the big climb becomes a descent.

For older hikers, people coming back from injury, and anyone who would rather sleep in a bed, slackpacking a whole section turns a backpacking trip into a series of long day hikes on the same footpath.

What this means when you're choosing

  • A firm pickup time and place, and a plan for when the driver cannot reach you
  • Road crossings close enough together to be a realistic day's walk
  • A rain layer, a headlamp and enough water in the daypack, in case the day runs long
  • Shuttle and hostel arrangements made before the day, since cell service at trailheads is patchy

Slackpacking vs Backpacking

SlackpackingBackpacking
What you carryA daypackEverything, including shelter
Where you sleepIndoors, off trailOn trail, at shelters or camps
What it depends onA driver and a road crossing at both endsOnly your own pack and resupply plan
Counts toward 2,000-miler statusYes, if every mile is walkedYes, if every mile is walked

Which to pick: Same trail and the same miles: slackpacking buys a lighter day by tying you to a car at both ends.

The common mistake

Packing the daypack like it is a short day hike

A slackpacked day is often a long one, on remote trail, and the ride waits at the far end. If you turn an ankle or miss the pickup, the full pack with your shelter and warm layers is miles away in a car, so carry the essentials anyway.

Common questions

Is slackpacking cheating?

Not by the Appalachian Trail Conservancy's rules. It recognizes hikers regardless of whether they carry a pack, and the only thing that matters for 2,000-miler status is that every mile was walked.

How much does slackpacking cost?

It depends on the shuttle and the distance, and hostels set their own rates. Expect to pay for each drop-off and pickup on top of a bed, which is why most thru-hikers slackpack a few days rather than whole states.

Where this is defined

Where this comes up

Guides on Tom's Hiking where slackpacking changes which product is right for you.

Going deeper

More in trail terms

Base weight

Base weight is everything in your pack except food, water and fuel: the gear that doesn't get used up. It's the number backpackers compare, because consumables vary with trip length while base weight is a property of your kit.

Ultralight

Ultralight is a style of backpacking built around a base weight under 10 lb. It gets there by making the big three lighter and by carrying fewer things, which trades comfort in camp and margin in bad conditions for comfort while walking.

Fastpacking

Fastpacking is covering a multi-day route with a pack light enough to run in, somewhere between trail running and ultralight backpacking. Typical loads run 8 to 20 liters, and the trip is usually run downhill and on the flat and hiked uphill.

Thru-hiking

Thru-hiking is walking a long trail end to end in one continuous trip, usually within a single season. The Appalachian Trail, Pacific Crest Trail and Continental Divide Trail are the best-known examples in the US, each taking several months.

Shoulder season

The shoulder seasons are spring and autumn, the months either side of settled summer conditions. Days can be warm and nights near freezing, weather changes faster, and gear that works in July is often not enough in late September.

Three-season

Three-season gear is built for spring, summer and autumn but not sustained winter conditions. It's the default rating for most backpacking equipment, and in practice it means handling rain, wind and light frost but not deep snow.

Layering system

A layering system is the practice of combining a moisture-moving base layer, an insulating mid layer and a protective shell, so you can regulate temperature by adding and removing pieces rather than relying on one heavy garment.

Zero day

A zero day is a day on a long trail where you walk no trail miles at all, usually taken in a town to rest, resupply and deal with logistics. A nero is a near-zero: a handful of miles into or out of town with the rest of the day off.

Nero day

A nero day, short for nearly zero, is a day on a long trail when you hike only a few miles and spend the rest of it resting or doing town chores. It sits between a full hiking day and a zero day, when you hike no miles at all.

Cowboy camping

Cowboy camping is sleeping outside with no shelter over you: a pad, a bag or quilt, and the sky. It saves the weight and the time of pitching a tent, and it trades away protection from rain, wind, dew, insects and anything that walks past in the night.

Postholing

Postholing is breaking through soft snow with each step and sinking to your shin, knee or thigh, leaving a line of holes behind you. It is exhausting, it can drop your pace to under a mile an hour, and it damages the trail for everyone following.

Slickrock

Slickrock is bare, exposed sandstone with no soil on it and no tread cut into it. You walk on the rock itself and follow cairns rather than a path. Dry sandstone gives excellent grip; wet or dusty sandstone gives very little, which is where the name misleads people.

Trailhead

A trailhead is the designated access point where a trail begins, and usually where you park and start walking. Many have a map board, signs or a toilet. The US Forest Service draws a firm line: a plain junction of two trails, or of a trail and a road, is not a trailhead.

Treeline

Treeline is the elevation, or latitude, above which trees can no longer grow. It is less a line than a zone where trees shrink into stunted, wind-shaped growth, and it sits at very different heights: between 5,000 and 6,000 feet in Washington's Olympics, and above 10,000 in the Sierra.

Backcountry

Backcountry is undeveloped land away from roads and drive-in campgrounds, reached on foot or by water. In US parks it is the opposite of frontcountry, where you drive to a campground, and camping there often needs a permit. It is not the same as legally designated Wilderness.

Big three

The big three are a backpacker's shelter, sleep system and pack: the three items where most of a kit's weight sits and, as REI puts it, where you can cut the most. The usual advice is to lighten the shelter and sleep system first and choose the pack last.

Section hiking

Section hiking is completing a long trail in pieces, one stretch at a time over separate trips, rather than in one continuous push. The Appalachian Trail Conservancy counts anyone who finishes the whole trail in more than 12 months as a section hiker, and recognizes them as 2,000-milers alongside thru-hikers.

NOBO and SOBO

NOBO and SOBO are thru-hiker shorthand for northbound and southbound, the direction someone walks a long trail. On the Appalachian Trail a NOBO starts at Springer Mountain in Georgia and finishes at Katahdin in Maine, and a SOBO walks the same 2,000-plus miles the other way.

Naismith's rule

Naismith's rule estimates how long a hike will take: one hour for every three miles of distance, plus one hour for every 2,000 feet of climbing. A Scottish mountaineer wrote it in 1892 for fit walkers taking short halts, so most people need longer.

By Tom · Last reviewed . Back to the glossary